Arxo Findings Register · Arxo Law

ARXO-2026-0438 · Reported

Rome I, Croatian and Dutch versions: does the escape clause for employment contracts set the same test as the other versions?

The other versions ask whether the contract is more closely connected with another country. The Croatian text asks for the closest connection; the Dutch text asks for a manifestly closer connection, and no other version has manifestly in this paragraph.

Consequence

The same employment contract can pass the escape clause in one version and fail it in another.

Proposed correction

The lawyer-linguists could say whether the wording should be aligned with the other versions: align Croatian and Dutch Article 8(4) with the other versions.

Jurisdiction
European Union — European Union
Act
Regulation (EC) No 593/2008 (Rome I)
Place
Article 8(4), Croatian and Dutch versions
Record
Question of reading or data
Class
Question of reading or data
Where it arose
A language version
Arxo's conclusion
Confirmed
Official text
Unchanged at last check
Last checked
2026-10-31

Evidence

Pair of quotations. Quotations are verbatim from the official material; translations are ours and marked.

u najbližoj vezi

Our translation (English): in the closest connection

Language version · Regulation (EC) No 593/2008 (Rome I), Official Journal, Croatian version · Article 8(4) (Croatian) · published · retrieved 2026-10-31 · SHA-256 f9f22d6d143a16f74d397c8c12cd2abc3323e2b3659db22065ba7c12070bfd9a · copy
kennelijk nauwere band

Our translation (English): manifestly closer connection

Language version · Regulation (EC) No 593/2008 (Rome I), Official Journal, Dutch version · Article 8(4) (Dutch) · published · retrieved 2026-10-31 · SHA-256 aa80a60c28e2ed5a9af7baf74b6efb039cf8860eb68a86344438ffb9342572f3 · copy
more closely connected with a country other than
Normative text · Regulation (EC) No 593/2008 (Rome I), Official Journal, English version · Article 8(4) (English) · published · retrieved 2026-10-31 · SHA-256 2f33c017cfb9fac3ae950388e1dd1210ea23474c70f7c6a3e653226af586b941 · copy

How to check it without Arxo's tools

  1. Open Regulation (EC) No 593/2008 (Rome I), Official Journal, Croatian version and find Article 8(4) (Croatian). Compare the text with the quotation above. A copy is kept in this register: f9f22d6d143a16f7-hrv.xhtml (SHA-256 f9f22d6d143a16f74d397c8c12cd2abc3323e2b3659db22065ba7c12070bfd9a, copy of the official file).
  2. Open Regulation (EC) No 593/2008 (Rome I), Official Journal, Dutch version and find Article 8(4) (Dutch). Compare the text with the quotation above. A copy is kept in this register: aa80a60c28e2ed5a-nld.xhtml (SHA-256 aa80a60c28e2ed5a9af7baf74b6efb039cf8860eb68a86344438ffb9342572f3, copy of the official file).
  3. Open Regulation (EC) No 593/2008 (Rome I), Official Journal, English version and find Article 8(4) (English). Compare the text with the quotation above. A copy is kept in this register: 2f33c017cfb9fac3-eng.xhtml (SHA-256 2f33c017cfb9fac3ae950388e1dd1210ea23474c70f7c6a3e653226af586b941, copy of the official file).
  4. The finding holds if the quoted passages read as shown and the comparison gives the result stated at the top of this page. If it does not, write to us with the record ID.

How this finding was made

AI models helped read and compare the texts and review the draft letters.

Responsible institutions

Reported to

DateInstitutionChannelReference
2026-10-31Council of the European Union, General Secretariat, Directorate for Quality of Legislatione-mailMessage-ID: <CAH-SH70ZbQP3i+XHyoG_2YvrdzeuSRWyOqzu9hnEYRN0Wq-YyA@mail.gmail.com>
2026-10-31European Parliament, Directorate for Legislative Actse-mailMessage-ID: <CAH-SH73wRJpLRgo=g--ww+78cgCogZyxROz8dJX0vAD8VFp6ug@mail.gmail.com>

Responses

No response recorded.

History

  1. 2026-10-31Confirmed by Arxo
  2. 2026-10-31Entered in the register
  3. 2026-10-31Reported to Council of the European Union, General Secretariat, Directorate for Quality of Legislation (e-mail)
  4. 2026-10-31Reported to European Parliament, Directorate for Legislative Acts (e-mail)

hr

Rim I, hrvatska i nizozemska verzija: postavlja li klauzula o odstupanju za ugovore o radu isti kriterij kao druge verzije?

Druge verzije pitaju je li ugovor u bližoj vezi s nekom drugom državom. Hrvatski tekst traži najbližu vezu („u najbližoj vezi“); nizozemski tekst traži očito bližu vezu („kennelijk nauwere band“), a nijedna druga verzija u ovom stavku nema riječ očito.

Consequence

Isti ugovor o radu može ispuniti uvjete za primjenu klauzule o odstupanju prema jednoj verziji, a ne ispuniti ih prema drugoj.

Proposed correction

Pravnici lingvisti mogli bi reći treba li tekst uskladiti s drugim jezičnim verzijama: uskladiti članak 8. stavak 4. hrvatske i nizozemske verzije s drugim verzijama.

nl

Rome I, Kroatische en Nederlandse versie: hanteert de uitwijkclausule voor arbeidsovereenkomsten hetzelfde criterium als de andere versies?

De andere versies vragen of de overeenkomst nauwer verbonden is met een ander land. De Kroatische tekst vraagt om de nauwste band („u najbližoj vezi”); de Nederlandse tekst vraagt om een „kennelijk nauwere band”, en geen andere versie bevat in dit lid het woord kennelijk.

Consequence

Dezelfde arbeidsovereenkomst kan in de ene versie aan de voorwaarden voor toepassing van de uitwijkclausule voldoen en in een andere niet.

Proposed correction

De juristen-linguïsten zouden kunnen aangeven of de formulering in overeenstemming moet worden gebracht met de andere taalversies: artikel 8, lid 4, van de Kroatische en de Nederlandse versie in overeenstemming brengen met de andere versies.

Cite this record

Arxo Law, Arxo Findings Register, ARXO-2026-0438, https://arxo.io/findings/ARXO-2026-0438/ (status as of 2026-10-31). Data: ARXO-2026-0438.json.